Wednesday, October 11, 2006

The Curse of Cursive

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Josh Marshall points us to this Washington Post article on the decline of cursive writing in the United States:

When handwritten essays were introduced on the SAT exams for the class of 2006, just 15 percent of the almost 1.5 million students wrote their answers in cursive. The rest? They printed. Block letters.

And those college hopefuls are just the first edge of a wave of U.S. students who no longer get much handwriting instruction in the primary grades, frequently 10 minutes a day or less. As a result, more and more students struggle to read and write cursive.

Many educators shrug. Stacked up against teaching technology, foreign languages and the material on standardized tests, penmanship instruction seems a relic, teachers across the region say. But academics who specialize in writing acquisition argue that it's important cognitively, pointing to research that shows children without proficient handwriting skills produce simpler, shorter compositions, from the earliest grades.

Scholars who study original documents say the demise of handwriting will diminish the power and accuracy of future historical research. And others simply lament the loss of handwritten communication for its beauty, individualism and intimacy.
Let me just say that I hate cursive. I hate to use it and I hate reading it except for the writing of those who are really, really good at it. OK, sure it can be “pretty” when done right but it doesn’t help convey a message.

Most of my problem with cursive is personal, I’ll admit. I never enjoyed using it in grade school where we were taught “penmanship” and were required to write in cursive. By some time in high school I had given it up almost entirely, printing or, later, typing instead. I remember once being scolded about it by a teacher. He wasn’t angry with me but was annoyed by something else I had done and decided to add an “oh-by-the-way” indicating I just HAD to start using cursive for my own good. He even implied I’d never make it in college if I didn’t. Hah, I don’t think I ever used cursive in college. I printed on tests and quizzes and, of course, typed papers. I used to actually write letters (not e-mails) back then and usually printed those.

So I guess I’m biased against cursive as a practical means of communication. At the same time, it is still used enough that I think it’s important to keep teaching it. And there’s always the matter of signatures. For some reason, signatures, in cursive, are still the standard for entering into contracts. So I guess we all need to be able to write our name if nothing else.


I say there at least needs to be some reform, like changing the cursive capital “Q” and “Z”. What the fuck are those about? They look like some form of the number “2”. Even when I did write cursive, under duress, I refused to write them properly, opting instead for some hybrid of the printed letters that had a tail connecting to the rest of the word. And the capital “G” is kind of stupid too.

And finally, there is ease of use for the reader. There is a reason you don’t find any printed material, other than greeting cards, written in cursive. It’s harder to read, even if perfect. I’ll be honest; I’m more concerned with the message than the prettiness of the physical text. I’m not saying there isn’t a place for cursive, but communicating ideas effectively isn’t that place.

Update: Ezra has some thoughts on this as well:
In any case, the decline of cursive seems inevitable and healthy. Class time is finite, and it's hard to make the case that much of the time that used to go to penmanship shouldn't now be spent on typing.

4 comments:

Anonymous said...

When I was in school, we had printing and writing. Everyone started out printing, of course. But, later, after everyone learned how to write, boys were allowed to print, while girls were expected to write.

It wasn't until my own kids were in school that I even heard the word "cursive."

Dave said...

But, later, after everyone learned how to write, boys were allowed to print, while girls were expected to write.

Wow, that's nuts. Or at least sexist. Nothing like drawing gender distinctions in regards to writing.

Anonymous said...

My sister always writes in cursive (I myself prefer print.) Finally, one day, her history teacher took her aside and informed her that if she continued to write in cursive, he was going to fail her. Gee, and I wonder why it's on such a decline.

I hate cursive with a passion... but that probably stems from me getting my first C on a report card (I got a C in handwriting) and having to go to a special ed class to get extra tutoring for it.

College One

KateGladstone said...

As a handwriting specialist, I've concluded that we must stop worshiping (and requiring) that "cursive" stuff.

For one thing:
Good handwriting does *not* equal “writing in cursive.”
According to a 1998 paper in the Journal of Educational Research (citation below), the fastest and most legible handwriters ignore about half of what makes cursive “cursive.”

Specifically:

The fastest handwriters (and especially the fastest LEGIBLE handwriters) …

/a/ join only some letters, not all of them — using only the easiest joins, skipping the rest —

and

/b/ use some cursive and some printed letter-shapes. In other words, where printed and cursive letters seriously “disagree” in shape (capitals and many lower-case letters), the highest-speed highest-legibility handwriters tend to use the printed form and not bother with the cursive version.

The same research also shows that cursive writers don’t write any faster than print-writers of equal legibility: the betwixt-and-between print/cursive hybridizers beat out both the "printers" and the "cursivists," in legibility and even in speed.

CITATION:
Graham, S., Berninger, V., & Weintraub, N. (1998). The relationship between handwriting style and speed and quality. Journal of Educational Research, volume 91, issue number 5, (May/June 1998), pages 290-297.

The woes and failures of handwriting instruction come in *very* large part from teachers damnation-bent on equating "good handwriting" with "doing it in cursive" ... a style which, at best, comes in second-best. (See the above-cited research.)

Even signatures don't legally require cursive. (Yes, your elementary school teachers lied to you about that one, too ... or, more likely, they knew no better, because *their* elementary school teachers had lied to *them*!) Don't take my word for it — ask your attorney, and/or visit the legal citations on signatures (from Federal law and a legal dictionary considered authoritative) on the FAQ page of my handwriting web-site, Handwriting Repair, reachable at http://learn.to/handwrite and http://www.global2000.net/handwritingrepair

By the way, I've checked with the Educational Testing Service (producers of the SAT) about a much ballyhooed difference in SAT essay scores between cursive and non-cursive essays. According to the Educational Testing Service, that difference amounts to a statistically insignificant fraction of a point.


Kate Gladstone
Director, World Handwriting Contest
CEO, Handwriting Repair
http://learn.to/handwrite
and http://www.global2000.net/handwritingrepair
handwritingrepair@gmail.com - telephone 518/482-6763
325 South Manning Boulevard
Albany, New York 12208-1731 USA